Dr. Alexandra Hachmeister

Europe’s monetary architecture is being actively redefined: central bank digital currencies (CBDCs), local currency denominated stablecoins and tokenised deposits have been added to the mix of public and private money in Europe’s digital financial system. This session brings together central banks and industry leaders to assess the emerging landscape of digital currencies in Europe and to confront the key design trade-offs around privacy, interoperability, and distribution. From the role of intermediaries to the risk of fragmentation across competing forms of digital money, the discussion will explore how Europe can balance innovation, sovereignty, and financial stability in its future financial infrastructure.