Layer 2s: Should Protocol Operators Be Regulated Like Financial Infrastructure?

Layer 2 networks have unlocked the scalability and cost efficiency that institutions need — but they have also introduced a regulatory grey zone that no jurisdiction has yet fully mapped. When a sequencer orders transactions, when a bridge moves assets, when a rollup settles on a base layer — who is responsible, and who regulates them? This session convenes regulators, protocol architects, and compliance leads to confront the open question at the heart of institutional L2 adoption: whether Layer 2 operators should be treated as financial infrastructure, and what that would actually mean in practice.